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SUMMARY:A Methodology to Study Morphological Changes in Sclerotic Arteries
 \, and Related Biomechanical Modelling and Simulation - Professor Gerhard 
 Holzapfel\, Graz University of Technology
DTSTART:20080314T143000Z
DTEND:20080314T153000Z
UID:TALK10163@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Julie Bazin
DESCRIPTION:The assessment of morphologic changes in sclerotic arteries du
 ring interventional procedures such as balloon angioplasty is an issue of 
 highest clinical importance. A MR-based methodology is presented to allow 
 3D morphomechanical modeling of the artery\, the plaque and the lumen at d
 ifferent stages of angioplasty by using multi-spectral images. Using gener
 alized gradient vector flow active contours a segmentation process is used
  to generate NURBS-based geometric models of an individual artery at diffe
 rent balloon pressures. In the studied arteries an increase in lumen cross
 -sectional areas after angioplasty was observed. Dissection between the in
 ner and middle arterial layers and reduction of the lipid pool are the pri
 mary mechanisms of dilatation. \n\nPhysical and finite element models whic
 h are able to trace the dissection during angioplasty are presented. The a
 rterial wall is described as an anisotropic\, heterogeneous\, highly defor
 mable\, nearly incompressible solid\, whereas tissue failure is captured b
 y strong discontinuity kinematics and cohesive zone models. Numerical impl
 ementation is based on the partition of unity FEM and the interface elemen
 t method. The later is used to link meshes of the different tissue compone
 nts. The predicted numerical results indicate that dissections develop bet
 ween the inner and middle arterial layers at the fibrous cap location with
  the smallest thickness\, and that dissections cause localized mechanical 
 trauma\, which prevents the main portion of sclerotic arteries from high s
 tress\, and hence from continuous tissue damage.\n
LOCATION:Department of Engineering - LR6
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