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SUMMARY:Dynamics of HIV Intra-Patient Drug Resistance Evolution through Sp
 ace and Time - Dr Alison Feder from University of California\, Berkeley\, 
 USA 
DTSTART:20180913T140000Z
DTEND:20180913T150000Z
UID:TALK109783@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:72001
DESCRIPTION:HIV’s high mutation rates and large population sizes make it
  incredibly adaptable\, especially to the antiretroviral drugs used in its
  treatment. However\, as treatments have improved over the course of the e
 pidemic\, there has been a shift from HIV evolving resistance predictably 
 and quickly in each patient to resistance emerging rarely\, if at all. By 
 studying the manner in which drug resistance emerges\, we can gain broader
  insights into how HIV evolves within its host. \nDr Feder will  explore t
 wo questions: \n1) how has intra-patient drug resistance evolution changed
  over the course of the epidemic \n2) what role does population spatial st
 ructure play in influencing the intra-patient dynamics. \nIn answer to the
  first question\, Dr Feder will present data from 6717 historical HIV sequ
 ences from the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database that suggest that as 
 treatments have improved over the decades\, there has been a transition fr
 om soft sweeps of many drug resistance mutations simultaneously to hard sw
 eeps of single drug resistant types. This supports more broadly a predicti
 on from theory that when adaptation is likely (as when drugs failed freque
 ntly)\, sweeps should be soft. \nIn answer to the second question\, Dr Fed
 er will present data from SHIV-infected macaques sampled in multiple tissu
 es over the course of their infection and treatment. She will use these da
 ta to estimate selection\, migration and population size and suggest how t
 heir interaction may explain equivocal evidence of compartmentalization fr
 om the HIV literature. \n
LOCATION:Room 215\, CRUK Cambridge Research Institute
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