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SUMMARY:Environmental and climatic effects of volcanic aerosol:  past\, pr
 esent and future - Dr Anja Schmidt (University of Cambridge)
DTSTART:20190219T140000Z
DTEND:20190219T150000Z
UID:TALK117772@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Dr Gillian Young
DESCRIPTION:Volcanic eruptions have a significant potential to affect the 
 climate system\, the environment and society. I will summarize my work on 
 volcanic sulfur emissions from volcanic eruptions of different styles\, ma
 gnitudes\, and durations. I will first discuss how volcanic sulphur emissi
 ons into the troposphere and effusive Icelandic volcanism can alter the mi
 crophysical properties of low-level clouds and serve as a “natural lab
 ” to better understand and quantify aerosol-cloud interactions.  A prime
  example is the most recent Icelandic eruption at Holuhraun (Bárðarbunga
  volcano). Starting in August 2014\, Holuhraun erupted effusively for 6 mo
 nths and emitted up to nine times as much sulfur dioxide per day as all Eu
 ropean industry combined\, which led to a measurable episodic degradation 
 of air quality across Northern Europe in September and October 2014. Holuh
 raun was the first so-called flood lava eruption in Iceland since the much
  bigger 1783-1784 CE Laki eruption. Laki had substantial effects on northe
 rn hemisphere climate and the environment across Europe. Using a global ae
 rosol microphysics model to simulate the effects of a future Laki-type eru
 ption\, I show that such an eruption could have the potential to degrade a
 ir quality and affect human health in Europe. Lastly\, I will present resu
 lts from aerosol-climate model simulations of volcanic eruptions and their
  radiative effects since 1979\, highlighting the role of small-magnitude e
 xplosive eruptions in frequently reducing the transparency of the stratosp
 here. 
LOCATION:British Antarctic Survey\, Seminar Room 187
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