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SUMMARY:Mending broken hearts with neural crest cells - Professor Marianne
  Bronner\, California Institute of Technology
DTSTART:20211206T140000Z
DTEND:20211206T150000Z
UID:TALK161110@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Caroline Newnham
DESCRIPTION:We are using a multiorganismal approach to examine the role of
  the cardiac neural crest in heart development and regeneration.  Cardiac 
 neural crest cells contribute to important portions of the cardiovascular 
 system including the aorticopulmonary septum and cardiac ganglion. It has 
 previously been shown that surgical ablation of the chick cardiac crest re
 sults in failure of this septation process\, phenocopying the human heart 
 defect persistent truncus arteriosus\, and that trunk neural crest fails t
 o rescue this phenotype. By transcriptionally profiling the cardiac versus
  trunk neural crest to characterize genes unique to this population\, we i
 dentify a cardiac crest subcircuit comprised of Tgif1\, Sox8\, and Ets1 th
 at is sufficient to reprogram the trunk neural crest with the ability to r
 escue cardiac neural crest ablation. We then use replication incompetent a
 vian retroviruses for precise high-resolution lineage analysis of the card
 iac crest in chick and uncover a previously undescribed neural crest contr
 ibution to cardiomyocytes of the ventricles\, supported by Wnt1-Cre lineag
 e analysis in mice.  This raised the intriguing possibility that cardiac n
 eural crest cells may contribute to heart repair.  We test this in zebrafi
 sh due to their remarkable capacity to regenerate the heart after injury. 
  Whereas the adult heart has few sox10+ neural crest cells\, we find that 
 sox10 and other migratory neural crest markers are redeployed shortly afte
 r resection in the regenerated trabecular myocardium and ablation of the s
 ox10 positive cells impairs closure of the wound.  The results suggest tha
 t cardiac neural crest cells contribute to many cardiovascular structures 
 including cardiomyocytes across vertebrates and to the regenerating heart 
 of teleost fish. 
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