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SUMMARY:Inherent mosaicism and extensive mutation of human placentas - Sam
  Behjati\, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
DTSTART:20221115T123000Z
DTEND:20221115T133000Z
UID:TALK183908@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Michael Boemo
DESCRIPTION:Placentas can exhibit chromosomal aberrations that are absent 
 from the fetus. The basis of this genetic segregation\, which is known as 
 confined placental mosaicism\, remains unknown. We investigated the phylog
 eny of human placental cells as reconstructed from somatic mutations. We f
 ound that every bulk placental sample represents a clonal expansion that i
 s genetically distinct\, and exhibits a genomic landscape akin to that of 
 childhood cancer in terms of mutation burden and mutational imprints. To o
 ur knowledge\, unlike any other healthy human tissue studied so far\, the 
 placental genomes often contained changes in copy number. We reconstructed
  phylogenetic relationships between tissues from the same pregnancy\, whic
 h revealed that developmental bottlenecks genetically isolate placental ti
 ssues by separating trophectodermal lineages from lineages derived from th
 e inner cell mass. Our findings reveal extensive mutagenesis in placental 
 tissues and suggest that mosaicism is a typical feature of placental devel
 opment.
LOCATION:Lecture Theatre\, Department of Pathology\, Tennis Court Road
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