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SUMMARY:The dynamics of deep-submarine explosive eruptions - Eric Newland 
 (University of Cambridge)
DTSTART:20221124T113000Z
DTEND:20221124T123000Z
UID:TALK192581@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Catherine Pearson
DESCRIPTION:Deposits from explosive submarine eruptions have been found in
  the deep sea\, 1–4 km below the surface\, with both flow and fall depos
 its extending several km’s over the seafloor. A model of a turbulent fou
 ntain suggests that after rising 10–20 m above the vent\, the erupting p
 article‑laden mixture entrains and mixes with sufficient seawater that i
 t becomes denser than seawater. The momentum of the resulting negatively b
 uoyant fountain is only sufficient to carry the material 50–200 m above 
 the seafloor and much of the solid material then collapses to the seafloor
 . The deep-ocean is also host to both local and large-scale currents\, wit
 h magnitudes varying in the range ua = 0.01-1.0 ms-1 . We explore the inte
 raction of these currents with such fountains through a series of novel la
 boratory experiments in which particle-laden fountains rise through a unif
 orm crossflow.  Using our experimental observations\, we categorise the dy
 namics of these particle-laden fountains in terms of the ratios of (i) the
  particle fall speed to the fountain speed\, and (ii) the current speed to
  the  fountain speed. Using the experimental results\, we develop and test
  simple quantitative estimates for the average rise height and particle di
 spersal distance based on the motion of single-phase fountains in a crossf
 low. We apply these results to predict the control of eruption rate\, ambi
 ent currents and particle size distribution on the dispersal of volcanic p
 articles following deep submarine explosive eruptions.
LOCATION:Open Plan Area\, BP Institute\, Madingley Rise CB3 0EZ
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