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SUMMARY:A DNA methylation atlas of normal human cell types - Tommy Kaplan\
 , the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
DTSTART:20230323T130000Z
DTEND:20230323T140000Z
UID:TALK197734@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Kate Davenport
DESCRIPTION:DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mark that governs 
 gene expression and chromatin organization\, thus providing a window into 
 cellular identity and developmental processes. Current datasets typically 
 include only a fraction of methylation sites and are often based either on
  cell lines that underwent massive changes in culture or on tissues contai
 ning unspecified mixtures of cells. Here we describe a human methylome atl
 as\, based on deep whole-genome bisulfite sequencing\, allowing fragment-l
 evel analysis across thousands of unique markers for 39 cell types sorte
 d from 205 healthy tissue samples. Replicates of the same cell type are 
 more than 99.5% identical\, demonstrating the robustness of cell identity 
 programmes to environmental perturbation. Unsupervised clustering of the a
 tlas recapitulates key elements of tissue ontogeny and identifies methylat
 ion patterns retained since embryonic development. Loci uniquely unmethyla
 ted in an individual cell type often reside in transcriptional enhancers a
 nd contain DNA binding sites for tissue-specific transcriptional regulator
 s. Uniquely hypermethylated loci are rare and are enriched for CpG islands
 \, Polycomb targets and CTCF binding sites\, suggesting a new role in shap
 ing cell-type-specific chromatin looping. The atlas provides an essential 
 resource for study of gene regulation and disease-associated genetic varia
 nts\, and a wealth of potential tissue-specific biomarkers for use in liqu
 id biopsies.
LOCATION:CRUK CI Lecture Theatre
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