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SUMMARY:Patterning and folding of intestinal villi by active mesenchymal d
 ewetting - Tyler Huycke (UCSF)
DTSTART:20230424T133000Z
DTEND:20230424T143000Z
UID:TALK199966@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Dr. Wolfram Pönisch
DESCRIPTION:Tissue folding generates structural motifs critical to organ f
 unction. In the intestine\, bending of an initially flat epithelium into p
 eriodically patterned folds gives rise to villi\, the numerous finger-like
  protrusions that are essential for nutrient absorption. However\, the mol
 ecular and mechanical mechanisms that organize and sculpt these folds rema
 in the subject of debate. Here\, we identify an active mechanical mechanis
 m that simultaneously patterns and folds intestinal villi in mice. We find
  that PDGFRA+ subepithelial mesenchymal cells generate Myosin IIA-dependen
 t forces sufficient to pattern and fold neighboring tissue interfaces. At 
 the cell-level\, villus initiation occurs through a process dependent upon
  matrix metalloproteinase-mediated tissue fluidization and altered cell-EC
 M adhesion. Integration of computational models with in vivo experiments d
 emonstrate that these cellular features manifest at the tissue-level as di
 fferences in interfacial tensions that promote mesenchymal aggregation and
  interface bending through a process analogous to the active dewetting of 
 a thin liquid film.    
LOCATION:Online
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