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SUMMARY:Fracture in living epithelial monolayers - Guillaume Charras (Univ
 ersity College London)
DTSTART:20230706T103000Z
DTEND:20230706T110000Z
UID:TALK201157@talks.cam.ac.uk
DESCRIPTION:Julia Duque\, Alessandra Bonfanti\, Jonathan Fouchard\, Emma F
 erber\, Andrew Harris\, Alexandre Kabla\, Guillaume Charras\nThe ability o
 f tissues to sustain mechanical stress and avoid fracture is a fundamental
  pillar of their function. Fracture in response to physiological levels of
  stress can be undesired\, for example resulting from disease or genetic m
 utations\, or be an integral part of developmental processes\, such as dur
 ing blastocoel formation in mouse or during leg eversion in flies. Despite
  its importance\, we know very little about fracture in cellularised tissu
 es because it is a multi-scale process that necessitates comprehension of 
 the interplay between mechanical forces and processes at the molecular and
  cellular scales. Using a combination of mechanical measurements\, live im
 aging and computational modelling\, we characterise fracture in epithelial
  monolayers. We show that\, despite consisting of only a single layer of c
 ells\, monolayers can withstand surprisingly large deformations\, often ac
 commodating several-fold increases in their length before rupture. To prot
 ect against large deformation\, epithelia increase their stiffness multipl
 e-fold in a process controlled by keratin intermediatefilaments. Perturbin
 g keratin organisation fragilised monolayers and prevented strain stiffeni
 ng. Using computational approaches\, we show that\, although the kinetics 
 of bond rupture ultimately control fracture\, tissue rheology and the hist
 ory of deformation prior to failure set the strain and stress that the tis
 sue reaches at the onset of fracture. Our data paint a picture of epitheli
 a as versatile materials that combine resistance to shocks with deformabil
 ity when subjected to low strain rates.
LOCATION:Seminar Room 1\, Newton Institute
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