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SUMMARY:The evolution of organs and cell types. - Dr Margarida Cardoso Mor
 eira from The Francis Crick Institute\, London 
DTSTART:20231116T140000Z
DTEND:20231116T150000Z
UID:TALK202180@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Caroline Newnham
DESCRIPTION:My group’s research centres on understanding the genetic and
  developmental bases of organ evolution. In the first part of my talk\, I 
 will describe our work on the development and evolution of sex differences
 . Sexually dimorphic traits are widespread among mammals and emerge during
  development through sex-specific gene expression programs. We know little
  about these programs\, including the genes\, regulatory networks and cell
  types that underlie them. It is also unclear when differences between the
  sexes emerge during organ development and how fast these differences evol
 ve across mammals. We have answered these questions using bulk and single-
 cell gene expression time-series data from six species (human\, mouse\, ra
 t\, rabbit\, opossum\, and chicken) covering the development of five organ
 s. In the second part of my talk\, I will describe my group’s strategy f
 or determining how morphological novelties - new cell types\, new tissues\
 , and new organs - arise during evolution. We focus on an organ that has o
 riginated multiple times independently and exhibits an extraordinary pheno
 typic diversity: the placenta. I will describe our work on the mammalian p
 lacenta\, which I will show is a unique model to study how new cell types 
 arise. I will also discuss our work in a family of fish (Poeciliidae) wher
 e complex placentas have evolved independently multiple times\, making it 
 a unique system to study how new complex organs arise during evolution.
LOCATION:Biffen Lecture theatre and Zoom
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