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SUMMARY:Computational Neuroscience Journal Club - James Ingram (University
  of Cambridge)
DTSTART:20091006T150000Z
DTEND:20091006T160000Z
UID:TALK20383@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Dr Jean-Pascal Pfister
DESCRIPTION:Jame Ingram will present\n\nInteracting Adaptive Processes wit
 h Different Timescales Underlie Short-Term Motor Learning\n\nSmith MA\, Gh
 azizadeh A\, Shadmehr R (2006). PLoS Biol 4(6): e179.\n\n"www.plosbiology.
 org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0040179":http://www.plosbi
 ology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0040179\n\n \n\nMult
 iple processes may contribute to motor skill acquisition\, but it is thoug
 ht that many of these processes require sleep or the passage of long perio
 ds of time ranging from several hours to many days or weeks. Here we demon
 strate that within a timescale of minutes\, two distinct fast-acting proce
 sses drive motor adaptation. One process responds weakly to error but reta
 ins information well\, whereas the other responds strongly but has poor re
 tention. This two-state learning system makes the surprising prediction of
  spontaneous recovery (or adaptation rebound) if error feedback is clamped
  at zero following an adaptation-extinction training episode. We used a no
 vel paradigm to experimentally confirm this prediction in human motor lear
 ning of reaching\, and we show that the interaction between the learning p
 rocesses in this simple two-state system provides a unifying explanation f
 or several different\, apparently unrelated\, phenomena in motor adaptatio
 n including savings\, anterograde interference\, spontaneous recovery\, an
 d rapid unlearning. Our results suggest that motor adaptation depends on a
 t least two distinct neural systems that have different sensitivity to err
 or and retain information at different rates.
LOCATION:Cambridge University Engineering Department\, CBL Rm #438 (http:/
 /blg.eng.cam.ac.uk/t/bin/view/Public/Directions)
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