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SUMMARY:Establishment of positional and orientational order in auditory ep
 ithelia through junctional force patterning - Karsten Kruse (Université d
 e Genève)
DTSTART:20230906T084000Z
DTEND:20230906T092000Z
UID:TALK203842@talks.cam.ac.uk
DESCRIPTION:Epithelial morphogenesis involves changes in cell shape and ce
 ll neighbors that result from forces exerted at cell-cell junctions. We di
 scuss how these forces can drive formation of spatial patterns and alignme
 nt of cell polarity in developing multicellular epithelia. Specifically\, 
 we consider the process of global alignment in the chick auditory epitheli
 um\, which consists of two cell types\, hair cells (HCs) with an asymmetri
 c mechanosensory hair bundle at its apex and supporting cells (SCs). Durin
 g development\, these two cell types form a regular pattern\, and the hair
  bundle of each HC aligns with the tissue axis. Through a combination of e
 xperiments and theory\, we find that a force pattern generates both positi
 onal and orientational order on the tissue scale. Positional order is esta
 blished by differences between the mechanical activity of cell-cell juncti
 ons. These differences are encoded by cell-specific genetic programs restr
 icting the diphosphorylated form of non-muscle myosin-II regulatory light 
 chain (RLC) to specific junctions. In addition\, local attenuation of RLC 
 phosphorylation by the hair bundle organizes supracellular patterns of myo
 sin activity\, which generates tissue-wide orientational order. Our findin
 gs show that junctional asymmetries couple cell rearrangements to polarity
 \, which could be a general feature of development and repair in tissues c
 onsisting of different cell types.
LOCATION:Seminar Room 1\, Newton Institute
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