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SUMMARY:New estimates on child labour and education in England and Wales (
 1870-1914 - Béatrice Robic (The Sorbonne)
DTSTART:20231102T171500Z
DTEND:20231102T184500Z
UID:TALK206992@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:16750
DESCRIPTION:For a long time in Britain\, children’s work and absence fro
 m school were likely bed-fellows\, as emphasised by several historians of 
 child labour and education. This paper attempts to determine the extent to
  which this was the case in the early period of compulsory schooling. It i
 s based on an innovative approach\, which consists in compiling\, combinin
 g\, and comparing two sets of data\, namely employment and education stati
 stics. By tracing annual changes in the number of children enrolled in pub
 lic elementary schools (for each year of age in isolation)\, the maximum n
 umber of school-leavers under fourteen employed full-time is indirectly as
 sessed. It is then compared\, on census date\, to the number of children o
 fficially returned as occupied\, using both published and digitised figure
 s. In addition\, the extent of part-time work is estimated by collecting f
 igures relating to absenteeism\, partial exemptions\, and out-of-school em
 ployment. This methodology also makes it possible to offer a revised chron
 ology of the decline of child labour and to identify the short-term impact
  of education and labour laws on the average age at starting work. It is a
 rgued that\, while State intervention in the child labour market was\, in 
 many ways\, spasmodic\, imperfect\, and reluctant throughout\, the educati
 on policies implemented in the late Victorian era were nonetheless instrum
 ental in the elimination of child labour in England and Wales.
LOCATION:Room 6\, Faculty of History
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