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SUMMARY:Holly Lovegrove:  Mitosis in Motion: Cell division during collecti
 ve cell migration\; Leo Otsuki: Puzzling out tissue regeneration. - Holly 
 Lovegrove\, University of Manchester and Leo Otsuki\, Elly Tanaka lab\, IM
 P\, Vienna 
DTSTART:20240304T143000Z
DTEND:20240304T153000Z
UID:TALK210916@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Jia CHEN
DESCRIPTION:Holly Lovegrove: \nMitosis in Motion: Cell division during col
 lective cell migration\n\nThe complexities of cell division have been exte
 nsively studied\, as such there is a wealth of knowledge concerning the pr
 ocesses required to carry it out. However\, the majority of this work has 
 been carried out in simple\, in vitro\, single cell systems. While this kn
 owledge is invaluable it does not consider how cell division is conducted 
 in the more complex\, dynamic and multicellular environments found in vivo
 .  \n\nIn order to perform their specialised functions cells within tissue
 s are arranged into specific architectures\, to achieve them requires the 
 careful manipulation of a range of cellular features (e.g. cell-cell adhes
 ion\, cell polarity\, cell shape). Cell division however is highly dynamic
 \, for example requiring dramatic rearrangements of the cytoskeleton. It t
 herefore has the potential to be highly disruptive and poses a particular 
 challenge to many crucial features of tissues during their generation and 
 maintenance. \n\nThese challenges are particulary acute in tissues undergo
 ing collective migration\, as the highly dynamic and motile nature of thes
 e systems creates extra layers of complexity. Our work investigates these 
 challenges and the mechanisms cells have developed to overcome them\, prim
 arily using high temporal and spatial live imaging of blood vessel develop
 ment in zebrafish embryos. \n\nLeo Otsuki:\nPuzzling out tissue regenerati
 on \n\nOne goal of regeneration research is to engineer patterned tissues 
 that function in vivo. Regenerative organisms\, such as axolotls (Mexican 
 salamanders)\, could inspire strategies to achieve this using endogenous c
 ells. Axolotls regenerate tissues including limbs\, nervous system and jaw
  despite possessing an anatomy and coding gene complement comparable to hu
 mans. One requirement for regenerating limb is that anterior and posterior
  progenitor cells are co-recruited from the stump to the injury site. Rege
 neration fails if either cell population is missing. Meanwhile\, grafting 
 posterior cells to the anterior side of a limb (or vice versa) under appro
 priate conditions is sufficient to grow out an extra (‘accessory’) lim
 b without amputation. Thus\, axolotl cells harbour positional values and\,
  when compatible\, combine like jigsaw pieces to generate functional tissu
 e. \n\nWe discovered that the expression of HAND2 transcription factor dem
 arcates posterior progenitors in the axolotl limb. We found that HAND2 is 
 necessary and sufficient to express SHH\, a posterior pro-regenerative mor
 phogen during regeneration\, and that SHH reciprocally feeds back to maint
 ain HAND2 expression in nearby cells. This HAND2-SHH positive feedback cyc
 le could explain how posterior identity is stably maintained for regenerat
 ive purposes\, while also providing an opportunity to alter progenitor ide
 ntities for synthetic or therapeutic applications. By transiently treating
  anterior progenitors with SHH\, we were able to trigger the HAND2-SHH loo
 p and overwrite anterior cells with a stable posterior identity. These pos
 teriorized progenitor cells could subsequently express SHH during regenera
 tion. Our results reveal in-routes to tissue engineering by understanding 
 positional values in vertebrate tissues.\n\nJoin Zoom Meeting \n\n\nhttps:
 //us06web.zoom.us/j/82089026611?pwd=L2FyclJFL2lYR0J3SFBDbHQyUFp6UT09 \n\n 
  \n\nMeeting ID: 820 8902 6611 \n\nPasscode: 038347 \n\n
LOCATION:Online
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