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SUMMARY:Hedonic and Homeostatic Mechanisms in Hunger Regulation: Insights 
 into Hypothalamic Circuits - Bayram Yilmaz\, Yeditepe University\, Istanb
 ul\, Turkey
DTSTART:20241015T150000Z
DTEND:20241015T160000Z
UID:TALK223246@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:125275
DESCRIPTION:Obesity has become a major global public health issue\, charac
 terized by a significant imbalance between caloric intake and energy expen
 diture. While this energy imbalance is the primary driver of obesity\, it 
 is essential to recognize that a multitude of genetic\, individual\, socia
 l\, and environmental factors also play a critical role in the development
  of this complex metabolic disorder. Neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate 
 nucleus (ARC)\, specifically Agouti-Related Peptide (AgRP) and Proopiomela
 nocortin (POMC) neurons\, play crucial roles in regulating hunger and sati
 ety\, respectively. Recent findings from our research indicate that chroni
 c high-fat consumption disrupts the regulatory mechanisms of POMC neuron a
 ctivation by leptin. Furthermore\, obesity is associated with significant 
 alterations in neurochemistry and neurotransmission in the brain\, particu
 larly within the opioid system. While opioids are generally thought to enh
 ance hedonic appetite through reward pathways\, they have also been shown 
 to be widely expressed in neuronal populations that are involved in homeos
 tatic appetite regulation within the hypothalamus. Our studies have demons
 trated that consumption of both palatable and non-palatable foods increase
 s hypothalamic opioid release\, which directly inhibits AgRP neurons\, thu
 s promoting satiety. These findings suggest that hypothalamic opioid signa
 ling may play a critical role in homeostatic appetite regulation and chall
 enge the conventional understanding of orexigenic functions. In this talk\
 , utilization of electrophysiology (including patch-clamp technique)\, opt
 o/chemogenetic and fluorescent microscopy methods in neuroendocrine resear
 ch will be reviewed.
LOCATION:Hodgkin Huxley Seminar Room\, Physiology builiding\, Downing Site
  CB2 3EG
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