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SUMMARY:Anticipation as a strategy during simultaneous interpreting from G
 erman into English - Ena Hodzik\, RCEAL\, University of Cambridge
DTSTART:20110426T150000Z
DTEND:20110426T163000Z
UID:TALK28504@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Chris Cummins
DESCRIPTION:In order to cope with the multiplicity and simultaneity of eff
 orts involved in the complex cognitive\ntask of simultaneous interpreting 
 (the oral translation of speech from one language into another as\nthe spe
 ech unfolds)\, interpreters often strategically anticipate words\, ideas a
 nd messages in the input.\nThe strategic dimension of anticipation is emph
 asized during simultaneous interpreting between two\nlanguages with differ
 ent syntactic structures\, such as German\, a head-final language\, and En
 glish\, a\nhead-initial language. Anticipation can be part of any communic
 ative situation. As such it has been\ndealt with to a great extent in stud
 ies on on-line language processing involving reading and listening.\nIn th
 is context\, it has been found that higher-level semantic and syntactic in
 formation provided by the\ncontext as a whole\, i.e. contextual constraint
 \, act as linguistic cues to anticipation (Frisson et al. 2005)\,\non the 
 one hand. On the other hand\, McDonald and Shillcock (2003b) established t
 hat it is the lower-\nlevel transitional probability between words or the 
 statistical likelihood with which words follow or\npreceded one another in
  context that affects anticipation during on-line language processing.\n\n
 My aim is to investigate the type of linguistic cues that cause strategic 
 anticipation to happen.\nMoreover\, I would like to find out what kinds of
  processes underlie anticipation\, i.e. ‘what information\nis used when
 ’ during on-line language processing which causes anticipation to occur?
  These questions\nwere addressed in three different tasks: a reading task 
 in German\, which was performed off-line\; an\non-line speech repetition t
 ask\, i.e. shadowing\, in German\; and a simultaneous interpreting task fr
 om\nGerman into English\, involving on-line spoken language processing. Bo
 th native speakers of German\nand native speakers of English who speak Ger
 man at an advanced level participated in the experiments.\nA 2x2 experimen
 tal design was employed in order to investigate the effect of contextual c
 onstraint\nand transitional probability on anticipation. An effect of both
  contextual constraint and transitional\nprobability was found during read
 ing\, although the effect of transitional probability was much stronger.\n
 Shadowing revealed an effect of both linguistic cues to anticipation. Fina
 lly\, during SI there was a\nvery strong effect of contextual constraint b
 ut no effect of transitional probability on anticipation.\nConsequently\, 
 while lower-level transitional probability affects anticipation during off
 -line\, this effect\nseems to be overridden by the effect of higher-level 
 contextual constraint during SI as an on-line\nlanguage processing task. I
 t was concluded that contextual constraint acts as a stronger cue to strat
 egic\nanticipation than transitional probability. The results obtained wil
 l be discussed comparing the different\ntasks at hand. Important similarit
 ies and differences will be shown between the native and the non-\nnative 
 group of participants. The implications of these results will be considere
 d for simultaneous\ninterpreting with the aim of increasing interpreting a
 ccuracy and consequently improving the quality of the product of interpret
 ing.
LOCATION:GR-06/07\, English Faculty Building
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