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SUMMARY:Between Pan-Americanism and Intervention: The Quest for a Pan-Amer
 ican Legal Order and the Foundations of US Hegemony in the Americas\, 1898
 -1933 - Juan Pablo Scarfi\, PhD Candidate\, Centre of Latin American Studi
 es\, University of Cambridge
DTSTART:20120613T120000Z
DTEND:20120613T130000Z
UID:TALK37176@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Marina Salorio-Corbetto
DESCRIPTION:In my presentation\, I will explore the origins of US progress
 ive engagement with Latin America in the early twentieth century in the co
 ntext of US ascendancy as a hemispheric power and the creation of the Pan 
 American Union\, then the Organisation of American States (OAS). Such enga
 gement adopted the form of two contradictory attitudes: one was US active 
 advancement of interventionist policies in Central America and the Caribbe
 an and the other one was the promotion of commercial and intellectual coop
 eration\, solidarity\, peace and international law in the Americas\, a pol
 icy that was associated with the so-called Pan-American movement. While US
  interventions in Cuba\, Puerto Rico and the Philippine Islands in 1898 ep
 itomised the first of these attitudes\, the second one did not emerge as a
  consistent US policy until the early twentieth century. The visit of US S
 ecretary of State Elihu Root to Latin America in 1906\, in the context of 
 the Third Pan American Conference held in Rio de Janeiro\, initiated a mor
 e solid and long-standing Pan-American policy of advancing international l
 aw and peace in the Americas. A few years later\, in 1912\, Robert Bacon m
 ade a very similar visit and itinerary throughout Latin America\, under th
 e auspices of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.\n\nThese vis
 its led to the official foundation of a hemispheric organisation of intern
 ational law in 1915\, the American Institute of International Law (AIIL)\,
  an organism founded by James Brown Scott (USA) and Alejandro Alvarez (Chi
 le) that unified all the existing national societies of international law 
 across the continent. Scott and Alvarez sought to develop further the Pan-
 American movement\, putting forward a project for the advancement of a hem
 ispheric legal order in the Americas. The creation of the AIIL as a Pan Am
 erican organisation of international law and order was instrumental in bot
 h advancing international organisation in the Americas and legitimising US
  hegemony. Indeed\, US approach to Latin America has been dominated by the
  convergence and tension between international organisation and hegemony\,
  Pan-Americanism and intervention. I will thus examine the origins of thes
 e projects for the construction of a Pan-American legal order in the Ameri
 cas in order to contribute to illuminate these mentioned convergences and 
 tensions.
LOCATION:Combination Room\, Wolfson College
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