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SUMMARY:Regulation of Muscle Stem Cell Fate - Professor Margaret Buckingha
 m from Department of Developmental Biology\, Pasteur Institute\, Paris
DTSTART:20130214T143000Z
DTEND:20130214T153000Z
UID:TALK41988@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Caroline Newnham
DESCRIPTION:Pax transcription factors play important roles in the regulati
 on of organ and tissue development (1). In the case of skeletal muscle\, P
 ax3\, together with its orthologue Pax7\, when it is expressed\, controls 
 key steps in the myogenic progression of multipotent mesodermal stem cells
 \, including cell fate choice (2)\, self-renewal and the entry of cells in
 to the myogenic programme in the embryo. Once a myogenic determination gen
 e\, such as Myf5 or MyoD\, is activated\, cells differentiate to form musc
 le fibres. In the adult\, satellite cells\, present under the basal lamina
  of fibres\, are the progenitor cells responsible for muscle regeneration.
  These cells are marked by the expression of Pax7 and\, in many muscles\, 
 also Pax3. However\, unlike the Pax-positive muscle progenitor cells of th
 e embryo\, most satellite cells already transcribe the myogenic determinat
 ion gene\, Myf5\, but do not activate the myogenic programme. MicroRNA-31 
 regulation of Myf5mRNA\, together with sequestration of this microRNA with
  Myf5mRNA in ribonucleoprotein particles\, characterises the quiescent sat
 ellite cell. On activation\, this post-transcriptional repression is relea
 sed and the cell rapidly enters the myogenic programme (3). We therefore p
 ropose a model in which post-transcriptional mechanisms in the adult\, hol
 d quiescent stem cells poised to enter a tissue specific differentiation p
 rogramme.\n\n(1) 	Buckingham\, M.\, & Relaix\, F. (2007). The role of Pax 
 genes in the development of tissues and organs : Pax3 and Pax7 regulate mu
 scle progenitor cell functions. Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 23\, 645-673.\n(
 2)	Lagha\, M.\, Brunelli\, S.\, Messina\, G.\, Kume\, T.\, Relaix\, F.\, &
  Buckingham\, M.E. (2009). Pax3/7:Foxc2 reciprocal repression in the somit
 e modulates multipotent stem cell fates. Dev. Cell\, 17\, 892-899.\n(3) Cr
 ist\, C.\, Montarras\, D.\, & Buckingham\, M. (2012). Muscle satellite cel
 ls are primed for myogenesis\, but maintains quiescence with sequestration
  of Myf5 mRNA targeted by microRNA-31 in mRNP granules. Cell Stem Cell. 11
 \, 118-126.\n\n
LOCATION:Part II Room\, Department of Genetics
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