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SUMMARY:Fractal Timing: Improving Life Support Devices by the Addition of 
 Biological Noise - Professor W.A.C. Mutch\, M.D. FRCP(C)\, Department of A
 nesthesia and Perioperative Medicine\, University of Manitoba\, Winnipeg\,
  Canada
DTSTART:20121211T110000Z
DTEND:20121211T120000Z
UID:TALK42009@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Mikail Rubinov
DESCRIPTION:Fractal analysis techniques have provided worthwhile insights 
 into our understanding of fundamental physiological processes [1\,2]. Vari
 ous fractal approaches have been applied to time series in fMRI\, MEG and 
 EEG studies [3\,4\,5]. Here I will present work focused on using fractal t
 ime sequences to improve standard life support devices such as mechanical 
 ventilators and cardiopulmonary bypass pumps [6]. Such life support device
 s are usually monotonous in their output. Adding fractal or biological noi
 se to the life support device can improve performance based on various ind
 ices [7\,8]. MR imaging of the brain during cardiopulmonary bypass will be
  discussed [9]. Finally\, current work examining ‘resting state’ MR si
 gnals during propofol sedation using various fractal analysis techniques w
 ill be described.\n\nReferences:\n1. West\, G. B.\, Brown\, J. H. & Enquis
 t\, B. J. A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in bio
 logy. Science. 276\, 122–126 (1997).\n2. West\, B. J. & Grigolini\, P. T
 he Living Matter Way to exchange information. Medical hypotheses 75\, 475
 –8 (2010).\n3. Hu\, J.\, Lee\, J. M.\, Gao\, J.\, White\, K. D. & Crosso
 n\, B. Assessing a signal model and identifying brain activity from fMRI d
 ata by a detrending-based fractal analysis. Brain Struct.Funct. 212\, 417
 –426 (2008).\n4. Maxim\, V. et al. Fractional Gaussian noise\, functiona
 l MRI and Alzheimer’s disease. NeuroImage 25\, 141–58 (2005).\n5. Acha
 rd\, S.\, Bassett\, D. S.\, Meyer-Lindenberg\, A. & Bullmore\, E. Fractal 
 connectivity of long-memory networks. Physical Review E 77\, 1–12 (2008)
 .\n6. Brewster\, J. F.\, Graham\, M. R. & Mutch\, W. A. C. Convexity\, Jen
 sen’s inequality and benefits of noisy mechanical ventilation. Journal o
 f the Royal Society\, Interface / the Royal Society 2\, 393–6 (2005).\n7
 . Boker\, A. et al. Improved arterial oxygenation with biologically variab
 le or fractal ventilation using low tidal volumes in a porcine model of ac
 ute respiratory distress syndrome. Critical Care Medicine (2002).doi:10.11
 64/rccm.2108006\n8. Mutch\, W. A. C. et al. Biologically variable pulsatio
 n improves jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming. Ann.Thorac.S
 urg. 69\, 491–497 (2000).\n9. Mutch\, W. A. C. et al. Cerebral hypoxia d
 uring cardiopulmonary bypass: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Ann.Thor
 ac.Surg. 64\, 695–701 (1997). 
LOCATION:BCNI seminar room\, Sir William Hardy Building\, Downing Site
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