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SUMMARY:How biotrophic fungi manipulate their hosts: new functions of effe
 ctors - Regina Kahmann (Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology\
 , Marburg)
DTSTART:20140123T130000Z
DTEND:20140123T140000Z
UID:TALK47377@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Ian Henderson
DESCRIPTION:Smut fungi are a large group of biotrophic pathogens that infe
 ct cereal crops and grasses. The best studied member of this group\, Ustil
 ago maydis\, infects maize and induces characteristic tumor formation and 
 anthocyanin induction. During host colonization\, U. maydis establishes an
  extended interaction zone with the plant in which fungal hyphae are compl
 etely encased by the host plasma membrane. Interaction with the plant is l
 argely determined by protein effectors that are conventionally secreted an
 d exert their function either in the interaction zone or are taken up by h
 ost cells and reprogram host responses.  Many of these effectors are novel
 \, exist only in related smut fungi and locate to clusters in the genome. 
 Several of these effectors function in the interaction zone by inhibiting 
 plant enzymes\, while others are taken up and function in the cytosol of h
 ost cells. In my presentation I will concentrate on the functional analysi
 s of the largest effector gene cluster of U. maydis\, encoding 24 effector
  genes. Among these are several effectors that contribute to virulence. I 
 will focus on two of these: Tin3\, an effector for which we propose a dual
  function in the interaction zone as well as inside plant cells\, and Tin2
 \, a transferred effector responsible for inducing anthocyanin biosynthesi
 s. I will describe their sites of action and how and why they modulate hos
 t functions after uptake.
LOCATION:Department of Plant Sciences\, Large Lecture Theatre
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