BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Talks.cam//talks.cam.ac.uk//
X-WR-CALNAME:Talks.cam
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Plenary Lecture 7: Lignocellulose degradation by enriched microbia
 l consortia from cow rumen and termite gut - Hernandez-Raquet\, G (Institu
 t National de la Recherche Agronomique - LISBP INSA\, Toulouse)
DTSTART:20141127T100500Z
DTEND:20141127T104000Z
UID:TALK56380@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Mustapha Amrani
DESCRIPTION:Co-authors: Lucas Auer (idem)\, Adle Lazuca (idem)\, Maider Ab
 adie (idem)\, Gunnar Oelker (idem) \n\nBioconversion of lignocellulosic bi
 omass into energy and synthons of industrial interest is of current concer
 n to reduce the fossil energy dependence. Lignocellulose can be converted 
 into carboxylates which can be used to produce added-value products (e.g b
 iofuels or bioplastics). Such transformation can be realized by microbial 
 consortia issued from the digestive tract ruminants and phytophage insects
 . Our aim was to produce microbial consortia displaying stable microbial d
 iversity\, high lignocellulolytic potential and high capacity to produce c
 arboxylates using termite gut and cow rumen microbiomes. We also wanted to
  correlate the functional diversity of these consortia with their enzymati
 c activity and lignocellulose degradation profiles. To this aim\, we studi
 ed the lignocellulolytic capacities of cow rumen and gut microbiomes of fo
 ur species of tropical termites (Termes hospes\, Microcerotermes parvus\, 
 Nasutitermes lujae and N. ephratae). Lignocellulose transformation was tes
 ted in anaerobic reactors (35C) using wheat straw as sole carbon source. C
 arboxylate production and residual lignocellulosic substrate were regularl
 y monitored during the incubation period (15 d). Our data showed that gut 
 microbiomes from N. ephratae displayed high capacities to degrade lignocel
 lulose. N. ephratae cow rumen microbiomes were selected to enrich the most
  active lignocellulolytic spe cies by sequencing batch reactor process. Af
 ter 10-12 cycles\, stable consortia were obtained. Sequencing of 16S rRNA 
 gene showed important differences in the functional species present in the
 se ecosystems compared to the initial communities. The enzymatic activitie
 s (endoglucanase\, -glucosidase\, xylanase\, -xylosidase)\, mainly associa
 ted to the cell biomass\, suggested the production of cellulosome-like sys
 tems. In this presentation\, insights in enzymes activities and diversity 
 will be discussed\, providing better understanding of lignocellulose decon
 struction by microbial consortia.\n
LOCATION:Seminar Room 1\, Newton Institute
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR