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SUMMARY:Regulatory Programme and Evolution Underlying the Development of E
 chinoderm Skelton - Paola Oliveri
DTSTART:20150318T110000Z
DTEND:20150318T120000Z
UID:TALK56929@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Marcia Kishida
DESCRIPTION:The developmental program of each organism is encoded in the g
 enome and is executed by large gene regulatory networks (GRN). In the last
  decade there has been a lot of study into GRNs for the development of var
 ious organisms\, however\, few systematic studies have been conducted to a
 ddress the evolutionary mechanisms involved in shaping GRNs. We compare at
  the molecular level the development of the endoskeleton in two echinoderm
  classes (a sea urchin and a brittle star) that produce skeleton in both l
 arval and adult stages and split at least 480 Mya. In our analysis we used
  transcriptome data\, high-resolution spatio-temporal expression data and 
 classical embryological observation. Despite the remarkable similarities o
 f the tempo and mode of development between the brittle star _Amphiura fil
 iformis_ and the euechinoid (regular sea urchins) larvae\, our high-resolu
 tion study of the dynamic of regulatory states highlights numerous differe
 nces in the architecture of the two GRNs. Interestingly\, in _A. filirmis_
  the specification of the skeletogenic lineage does not rely on _pmar1/hes
 C_ double negative gate\, which is likely an euechinoid invention. Further
 more\, the late regulatory states are significantly divergent due to the a
 bsence of expression of many regulatory genes in the _A. filiformis_ skele
 togenic lineage. We also identified several new downstream skeletogenic ge
 nes not present in sea urchin. Taken together our data show that gene dupl
 ications\, protein function diversification and _cis_-regulatory elements 
 evolution all contributed to shape the developmental GRN for larval skelet
 ogenesis in different branches of echinoderms. \n
LOCATION:Part II Lecture Theatre\, Department of Zoology
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