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SUMMARY:“Structural maintenance of chromosome complexes differentially c
 ompact mitotic chromosomes according to genomic context” - Dr Jon Baxter
 \; Royal Society Fellow/Group Leader\, Genome Damage and Stability Centre\
 , University of Sussex
DTSTART:20170504T120000Z
DTEND:20170504T130000Z
UID:TALK71038@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Bobbie Claxton
DESCRIPTION:The extreme length of chromosomal DNA requires organizing mech
 anisms to both promote functional genetic interactions and ensure faithful
  chromosome segregation. Microscopy and genome wide contact frequency (Hi-
 C) analyses indicate that intra-chromosomal looping of DNA is a primary pa
 thway of chromosomal organization during all stages of the cell cycle. Alt
 hough the enzymatic pathways required for DNA loop formation are yet to be
  fully characterized\, the activity of the SMC family of proteins has been
  consistently associated with this process in interphase and mitosis. Here
  we use Hi-C to study the reorganization of eukaryotic chromosome conforma
 tion in early mitosis and the role of SMCs in this process. Using polymer 
 simulations\, we find that the differences between interphase and mitotic 
 Hi-C maps can be explained by the formation of intra-chromosomal (cis-) lo
 ops in mitotic chromosomes. We demonstrate that SMC cohesin activity is re
 quired for formation of cis-loops\, independently of sister-chromatid cohe
 sion. In contrast\, SMC condensin is not generally required for loop forma
 tion in these eukaryotic cells. Rather condensin activity promotes compact
 ion in the chromosomes at centromeres and in the rDNA proximal regions. Th
 us we demonstrate that cohesin-dependent cis-loops provide the primary hig
 her order organization of budding yeast mitotic chromosomes\, independentl
 y of condensin and sister chromatid cohesion.
LOCATION:Babraham - The Brian Heap Seminar Room
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