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SUMMARY:Polarized endosome dynamics by spindle asymmetry during asymmetric
  cell division - Emmanuel Derivery (MRC-LMB)
DTSTART:20170503T163000Z
DTEND:20170503T183000Z
UID:TALK72038@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Clara Sidor
DESCRIPTION:During asymmetric division\, fate determinants at the cell cor
 tex segregate\nunequally into the two daughter cells. It has recently been
  shown that Sara\nsignaling endosomes in the cytoplasm also segregate asym
 metrically during asymmetric\ndivision. Biased dispatch of Sara endosomes 
 mediates asymmetric Notch/Delta\nsignaling during the asymmetric division 
 of Sensory Organ Precursors (SOP) in\nDrosophila. In flies\, this has been
  generalized to stem cells in the gut and the\ncentral nervous system and\
 , in zebrafish\, to neural precursors of the spinal cord.\nHowever\, the m
 echanism of asymmetric endosome segregation is not known. Here we\nunravel
 led this mechanism. The plus-end kinesin motor Klp98A targets Sara endosom
 es\nto the central spindle. At the central spindle\, endosomes move bidire
 ctionally on an\nantiparallel array of microtubules. The microtubule depol
 ymerising kinesin Klp10A\nand its antagonist Patronin generate central spi
 ndle asymmetry. The asymmetric\nspindle\, in turn\, polarizes endosome mot
 ility\, ultimately causing asymmetric\nendosome dispatch into one daughter
  cell. To demonstrate this\, we inverted the\npolarity of the spindle by p
 olar targeting of Patronin using nanobodies. Spindle\ninversion targets th
 e endosomes to the wrong cell. To explain quantitatively how\nspindle asym
 metry controls endosomes asymmetry\, we developed a theory of the\nmotilit
 y of endosomes in an asymmetric microtubule antiparallel overlap. This the
 ory\ndefines a very simple equation explaining quantitatively this complex
  cellular\nbehavior. Our data uncovers the molecular and physical mechanis
 m by which organelles\nlocalized away from the cellular cortex can be disp
 atched asymmetrically during\nasymmetric division. Moreover\, our theory c
 an readily be applied beyond asymmetric\ndivision to explain polarized tra
 ffic in other microtubule antiparallel overlaps\,\nfor instance in vertebr
 ate dendrites.
LOCATION:Gurdon Institute Tea Room
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