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SUMMARY:Horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance drives multi-speci
 es population level epidemics  - Dr Kate Baker\, Institute of Integrative 
 Biology\, University of Liverpool
DTSTART:20171122T160000Z
DTEND:20171122T170000Z
UID:TALK74041@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Fiona Roby
DESCRIPTION:Despite the suspected importance of horizontal gene transfer i
 n creating the global public health crisis of AMR\, this has yet to be evi
 denced or studied at a population level. Here we used Shigella\, one of th
 e top dozen AMR organisms\, in high-risk men who have sex with men (MSM)\,
  an epidemiological network with enhanced transmission and antimicrobial u
 sage rates\, to study AMR emergence. We show that horizontal transfer of A
 MR drives new epidemics\, and that the success of epidemic emergence is co
 nstrained by the genetic context of the AMR. We found that overlapping mul
 ti-species epidemics of MSM-associated Shigella were attributable to six g
 enomic sublineages\, all associated with azithromycin resistance. The four
  epidemiologically-successful sublineages carried this resistance on an id
 entical plasmid that had horizontally transmitted from yet another globall
 y-disseminated MSM-associated Shigella. The horizontal plasmid transmissio
 n rapidly drove epidemics of new sublineages\, contrasting with the vertic
 ally-inherited resistance to ciprofloxacin\; the recommend treatment for s
 higellosis. This transforms our understanding of the processes surrounding
  AMR emergence\, and calls for a shift toward studying AMR with respect to
  its genetic context. 
LOCATION:Lecture Theatre 2\, Department of Veterinary Medicine
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